The decision to have a baby comes up at some point in your lifetime. Understanding fertility as a concept is crucial in order to treat infertility. Statistics show that most couples (85%) will be able to conceive within a year. However, the remaining 15% is recommended to see a reproduction specialist. Symptoms include:
- Irregular menstrual periods: Ovulation of the egg is necessary for pregnancy. Therefore, if you have irregular menstrual periods in an interval greater than 35 days, you might not be ovulating at all. Make sure to check the cycle of your periods and consult a doctor.
- Female older than 35: The number of eggs will begin to decrease by the time a female is 35 or older. Therefore, the quality of the eggs will decrease as well. We recommend a fertility evaluation test, especially if the couple has been trying to have kids for some time.
- Sexually transmitted diseases: Chlamydia or Gonorrhea cause blotching of the fallopian tubes. In order to conceive, the sperm must travel into the tubes to fertilize the ovulated egg. If you have had the previous history of STIs and are failing to conceive, we recommend seeing a doctor.
- Male semen abnormalities: When faced with infertility in your lives, it is important not always to blame the female. In many cases, male has been a cause of infertility for centuries. If experienced abnormalities of semen analysis we advise taking more time to conceive.
Medications: Some medications stimulate the ovulation of the egg. Such medications include pills or injections. The most common pill is clomiphene, which is an anti-estrogen. On the other side, the most common injection is called gonadotropins which are usually taken nightly for 5-10 days.
Insemination: This process, also known as IUI (intrauterine inseminations), is a process in which the sperm is washed and placed into the uterine cavity. The washing process happens in order to separate motile sperm from immotile sperm.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): As the translation of the phrase “in vitro” suggests, this process is conducted outside the body. IVF is a process where eggs are fertilized by the sperm in a laboratory. Ever since 1978, when the first baby was born through IVF, the procedure became a major breakthrough, especially for parents who’ve wanted kids for a long time.
Third-party reproduction: Such term is used when a couple involves a third person who provides the eggs or serves as a surrogate. There are four types of third party reproduction include sperm donation, egg or ovum donation, embryo donation and gestational surrogacy. Your doctor should discuss each of the types if it is appropriate for your case.
Surgery: After a detailed fertility test and historical examination, your doctor might recommend surgery to correct any of the abnormalities. The most famous surgeries include laparoscopy, hysteroscopy and abdominal myomectomy.
The cost of treating infertility varies from around Rs.79 000 to 1 75 000, which depends on the expertise of the doctors and the facilities of the hospitals. However, the same treatments cost much more in advanced countries such as the US or the UK. Also, remember that not every infertility treatment is successful. Sometimes you may need more than one. So carefully choose the clinic, not only based on cost but the rate of success as well.
Infertility is the inability of a person (male or female) to reproduce naturally. World Health Organisation defines infertility as a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse (and there is no other reason, such as breastfeeding or postpartum amenorrhoea). Primary infertility is infertility in a couple who have never had a child. Secondary infertility is failure to conceive following a previous pregnancy.
Infertility is a major concern for married couples desiring to have children. Infertility has psychological and social impact on the couple. It can cause personal sufferings of the couple. Even in the society, couples unable to bear children are not looked upon in a good way. Inability to conceive bears a stigma, especially for the females. Infertility has more psychological effect on females as inability to experience motherhood pulls them into depression.
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Causes of infertility is different in males and females. Infertility may be caused due to genetic mutations, poorly developed sex organs or hormonal imbalances in the body.
Males: The main cause of male infertility is low semen quality. Either the amount of semen produced is insufficient to cause fertilisation or the sperm produced are not viable. This is caused either due to DNA damage, poorly developed testes, hormonal imbalances or blockage of the man’s duct system.
Female: A woman unable to conceive is called infertile. The reasons for infertility in females are quite diverse. Main reasons include hormonal imbalances, production of non-viable gametes, obstruction in duct system, ovulation problems, tubal blockage and uterine problems. Uterine problems make the female unable to carry the pregnancy to full term even if she achieves normal fertilisation.
In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) TREATMENT
In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) techniques have proven to be a boon for such infertile couples. It has shown such couples a guaranteed way to have children and to complete their families. IVF techniques include a number of procedures such as ICSI (Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection), ZIFT (Zygote Intra Fallopian Tube Transfer), embryo transfer and artificial insemination. Fallopian Tube blockages in females and blockages in Vas deference, testicular ducts and penile duct of males can be removed by simple surgical procedures to make them fertile.
Couples in which the male partner doesn’t produce quality and viable semen, such couples can opt for sperm donation to have children. Certain females are genetically viable and healthy to bear a child but are unable to conceive due to hormonal imbalances in their body. These hormonal imbalances come in way of maturation and release of egg from her ovary. Such females are given hormone therapy to help them have normal ovulation and ultimately conceive. Females who are normal otherwise but could not conceive due to uterine issues can opt to have children via surrogacy.
